a
q=0.1; p=1.0
b
q=0.2; p=0.8
c
q=0.8; p=0.2
d
q=0.04; p=0.16
Based on the given information, the options can be ranked in terms of effectiveness by comparing the ratio of q to p.
Ranking from most effective to least effective:
c. q=0.8; p=0.2 - q/p = 4
b. q=0.2; p=0.8 - q/p = 0.25
d. q=0.04; p=0.16 - q/p = 0.25
a. q=0.1; p=1.0 - q/p = 0.1
Therefore, option c is the most effective, followed by options b and d which are tied for second place, while option a is the least effective.