what is the geosphere made of and how does it change
The geosphere is made up of the solid and rocky outer layer of the Earth, including the crust, mantle, and core. The geosphere is constantly changing due to processes such as plate tectonics, erosion, weathering, and volcanic activity.
Plate tectonics is the movement of the Earth's lithosphere (the rigid outer layer of the Earth) caused by convection currents in the mantle. This movement can cause earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and the formation of mountains and ocean trenches.
Erosion and weathering are processes that break down rocks and move sediment from one place to another. These processes are primarily driven by water, wind, and ice, and can create landforms such as valleys, canyons, and deltas.
Volcanic activity involves the eruption of molten rock, gas, and ash from beneath the Earth's surface. This can create new landforms, such as volcanoes and lava flows, and can also impact the Earth's climate through the release of gases and particles into the atmosphere.
Overall, the geosphere is constantly changing and evolving due to a combination of internal and external forces. These changes can occur over short periods of time, such as during a volcanic eruption or earthquake, or over millions of years, through processes like mountain building and erosion.