How does the Industrial Revolution impact the demographic transition model
The Industrial Revolution had a significant impact on the demographic transition model.
1. Mortality rates: During the Industrial Revolution, advancements in technology and medicine led to a decline in mortality rates. Improved sanitation, better healthcare, and access to clean water reduced the prevalence of diseases and increased life expectancy. This resulted in a decrease in the death rate and an increase in population growth.
2. Fertility rates: Industrialization also brought about changes in family structure and economic opportunities. As more people moved to urban areas to work in factories and industries, there was a shift from agrarian societies to urban industrial societies. This led to a decrease in fertility rates as families no longer needed to have many children to work on farms or support the family economically. Additionally, access to contraceptives and education for women also contributed to a decline in fertility rates.
3. Migration: The Industrial Revolution also led to significant rural-to-urban migration as people left the countryside in search of better job opportunities in cities. This movement of people resulted in urbanization and changes in population distribution. Urban areas became more densely populated, leading to social and economic changes.
Overall, the Industrial Revolution accelerated the demographic transition by lowering mortality rates, reducing fertility rates, and promoting urbanization. These changes ultimately contributed to shifts in population dynamics and demographics, leading to the development of the demographic transition model.