What are dependent and independent variable in experimental design of research problem

In the experimental design of a research problem, the dependent variable is the outcome or response variable that is being measured or studied. It is the variable that is expected to be affected by changes in the independent variable.

The independent variable, on the other hand, is the variable that is being manipulated or controlled by the researcher. It is the variable that is believed to have an effect on the dependent variable.

In other words, the independent variable is what the researcher changes or manipulates in order to see how it affects the dependent variable. The dependent variable is what is being measured or observed in order to see how it is affected by changes in the independent variable.