Definition and example for each word.
Chemical Equilibrium
Closed Systems
Equilibrium
Le Chatelier’s Principal
Resource Extraction
Ductile
Malleable
Polymer
Constraints
Criteria
Environmental Impact
Catalyst
Ore
Smelting
Chemical Equilibrium: A state in a chemical reaction where the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time.
Example: In the reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g), a chemical equilibrium is reached when the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.
Closed Systems: Systems in which no exchange of matter takes place with its surroundings.
Example: A closed container with a fixed volume and no openings is an example of a closed system.
Equilibrium: A state of balance between opposing forces or processes.
Example: In a chemical equilibrium, the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate, resulting in no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products.
Le Chatelier’s Principal: The principle that states when a system in equilibrium is disturbed, the system will adjust to counteract the disturbance.
Example: If the concentration of a reactant is increased in a system at equilibrium, Le Chatelier's principle predicts that the equilibrium will shift to the right to consume the excess reactant.
Resource Extraction: The process of obtaining raw materials or resources from the Earth.
Example: Mining, logging, and drilling are examples of resource extraction activities that can have environmental impacts.
Ductile: Capable of being stretched into thin wire without breaking.
Example: Metals like copper and gold are ductile and can be drawn into wires for various applications.
Malleable: Capable of being hammered or rolled into thin sheets without breaking.
Example: Aluminum is a malleable metal that can be easily shaped into various forms through hammering or rolling.
Polymer: A large molecule consisting of repeating structural units.
Example: Plastics, rubber, and proteins are examples of polymers with different chemical structures.
Constraints: Limitations or restrictions that influence decision-making or behavior.
Example: Budget constraints, time constraints, and resource constraints can impact how a project is planned and executed.
Criteria: Standards or benchmarks used to evaluate or judge something.
Example: Criteria for selecting a candidate for a job may include educational qualifications, work experience, and interpersonal skills.
Environmental Impact: The effect that human activities have on the environment.
Example: Deforestation, pollution, and climate change are examples of human activities that can have significant environmental impacts.
Catalyst: A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.
Example: Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.
Ore: A naturally occurring solid material containing a valuable substance.
Example: Iron ore, bauxite, and copper ore are examples of minerals mined for their metal content.
Smelting: The process of extracting metal from ore by heating and melting it.
Example: Iron ore is smelted in a blast furnace to produce molten iron, which can be used to make steel.