Use the figure to answer the question.
In one sentence, identify the ancient city whose two major phases are depicted in the figure.
In 1–2 sentences, describe a feature that plan (a) shares with the urban planning commonly seen in colonies established by France and Spain centuries later.
In 2–3 sentences, analyze another example of a city whose urban structure changed dramatically due to a change in power or governance. How does the change in urban structure reinforce the cultural or political power of a new leader?
The ancient city depicted in the figure is Carthage.
One feature that plan (a) shares with urban planning in colonies established by France and Spain centuries later is a grid-like layout with straight streets intersecting at right angles, which provides an organized and efficient urban structure.
An example of a city whose urban structure changed dramatically due to a change in power or governance is Rome. After the fall of the Roman Empire, the city experienced a significant decline in population and infrastructure, resulting in the abandonment of many previously bustling areas. Centuries later, when Rome became the seat of the Catholic Church and a hub of Renaissance art and culture, the city underwent a revitalization with new buildings, spaces, and infrastructure that reinforced the cultural and political power of the Church and the new ruling elite.