How does the reader know what is dialogue and what is stage direction when reading a play?

the use of all caps for the stage direction

the use of different fonts for each one

the dialogue is written on separate lines

the use of parenthesis around the stage direction

Typically, in a play script, dialogue is written on separate lines, with the character's name followed by a colon before their lines of speech. Stage directions, on the other hand, are usually written in all caps and describe the physical actions, movements, or expressions of the characters. Additionally, stage directions are often enclosed in parentheses to differentiate them from the dialogue. This formatting helps the reader easily distinguish between the spoken words of the characters and the instructions for their movements or actions.