Why did the Filipino insurrection against the United States take the form of guerrilla warfare rather than all-out war?

Filipino rebels did not believe that all-out war would win their independence.

Filipino rebels believed American troops would surrender quickly in a guerrilla war.

Filipino rebels did not have enough weapons to fight American troops in all-out war.

Guerrilla warfare allowed the Filipino insurgents to use their knowledge of the terrain and their resourcefulness to fight a prolonged and unconventional war against the better-equipped and larger American forces. It also allowed them to minimize casualties and conserve resources while still posing a significant challenge to the American occupation. Additionally, many Filipino leaders believed that guerrilla warfare would be a more effective strategy in achieving their goal of independence, as it would be harder for the American forces to combat and suppress.