Discuss the chemical properties of the following fibers
1. Cotton
2. Flax
3. Sisal
4. Silk
5. wool
1. Cotton:
- Cotton fibers are composed mainly of cellulose, a natural polymer made up of glucose units.
- Cotton is hydrophilic, meaning it readily absorbs and releases moisture. This allows for good absorbency and breathability.
- Cotton fibers are weak when they are wet, which can make them prone to damage during washing or when exposed to water.
- Cotton is resistant to heat, alkalis, and some acids, making it relatively durable.
2. Flax:
- Flax fibers are composed mainly of cellulose, like cotton.
- Flax fibers are hydrophilic and have good moisture-wicking properties.
- Flax fibers are stronger and more durable than cotton fibers, making them a popular choice for textiles that need to withstand wear and tear.
- Flax fibers are resistant to heat, alkalis, and many acids.
3. Sisal:
- Sisal fibers are composed mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin.
- Sisal fibers are hydrophilic and have good moisture-wicking properties like cotton and flax.
- Sisal fibers are extremely strong and durable, making them suitable for heavy-duty applications like ropes and sacks.
- Sisal fibers are resistant to heat, alkalis, and some acids.
4. Silk:
- Silk fibers are composed mainly of protein, specifically the fibroin protein.
- Silk fibers are smooth, soft, and have a natural sheen.
- Silk fibers are strong and elastic, with excellent tensile strength.
- Silk fibers are hydrophobic, meaning they do not readily absorb moisture.
5. Wool:
- Wool fibers are composed mainly of protein, specifically keratin.
- Wool fibers are hydrophilic and can absorb moisture up to 30% of their weight without feeling damp.
- Wool fibers are elastic, resilient, and have good insulating properties.
- Wool fibers are resistant to wrinkling and have good heat retention properties.