The main methods of moving the ball in AFL are kicking and handballing, with a mark being awarded when a player catches the ball cleanly after it has been kicked a certain distance; a free kick in AFL is awarded when a player is infringed upon by an opponent, such as high contact or holding the ball, leading to a penalty; when the ball goes out of bounds in AFL, play is restarted with a throw-in or kick-in depending on where the ball went out; an AFL match is officiated by four umpires, with two field umpires responsible for monitoring play and making decisions on the field, one goal umpire for each end of the field to determine if goals have been scored, and one boundary umpire to handle throw-ins and out of bounds rulings.
