How does the bottleneck effect lead to genetic changes in a population of organisms?

a
It causes some genes to be removed from a population because there is a sharp increase in the population due to a natural disaster.
b
It causes some genes to be added to a population because there is a small decline in the population due to a natural disaster.
c
It causes some genes to be added to a population because there is a sharp decline in the population due to a natural disaster.
d
It causes some genes to be removed from a population because there is a sharp decline in the population due to a natural disaster.

c. It causes some genes to be added to a population because there is a sharp decline in the population due to a natural disaster.

The bottleneck effect occurs when a population is drastically reduced in size, leading to a loss of genetic diversity. This reduction in genetic variation can lead to changes in the gene pool of the population, such as the introduction of new genes that were previously rare or absent. This can ultimately result in genetic changes within the population as it adapts to the new environment or conditions following the natural disaster.