Question 1
A student is investigating three organisms to determine patterns of common ancestry. The image shows the similarities in DNA of Organisms X, Y, and Z.
Three segments of D-N-A are labeled X, Y, and Z. Segment X shares six common D-N-A strands with segment Y. Segment X shares two common D-N-A strands with segment Z. Segments Y and Z do not share any common D-N-A strands.
The student wants to create a model to represent the relationships of the three organisms. Which cladogram should the student create?
a
A cladogram has three branches. The first branch is X, the second branch is Y, and the third branch is Z.
This cladogram does not show that organism X and organism Y are more closely related based on the similarities in their DNA.
b
A cladogram has two branches. The first branch is X. Z branches off of X. The second branch is Y.
This cladogram incorrectly shows organism X and organism Z being more closely related.
c
A cladogram has two branches. The first branch is Z. The second branch is X. Y branches off of X.
This cladogram correctly shows that the three organisms share some DNA, but that X and Y are more closely related based on the similarities in their DNA.
d
A cladogram has one branch with three branches coming off of it in the order: Y, X, then Z.
This cladogram shows all of the organisms being closely related.
Question 2
All the animals to the right of the salamander would have the common characteristic of...
Quiz image
a
Claws or nails
b
Jaws
c
Fur
d
Lungs
Question 3
Three different bird species are represented by the letters R, S, and T. Species S and T show similar coloration. The enzymes found in Species R and T show similarities. Species R and T also exhibit many of the same behavioral patterns. Which figure best shows the relationship between species R, S, and T?
a
2d903c41-b3a2-4e5e-b736-7f2531e97220
b
c290db56-2654-496a-90b6-70119cc1ab40
c
44bb44e2-03be-41b2-8a62-65fbe856c853
d
9cc65baf-33b1-485d-b6fd-9ffdaf796610
Question 4
Using the image below, which two organisms have the most recent common ancestor?
cladogram.gif
a
ray-finned fish and primates
b
sharks and amphibians
c
birds and primates
Question 5
The phylogenetic tree shown illustrates the relationships among the major groups of land plants. Based on the relationships indicated in this tree, which of the following is MOST closely related to conifers?
question12bio
a
charophytes
b
gnetophytes
c
gingkos
d
angiosperms
Question 1: c
Question 2: b
Question 3: b
Question 4: c
Question 5: b