What conditions most likely account for extreme poverty and economic disparity in Southeast Asia?

Scarcity of natural resources to support farming and industry
Lack of interest in trade and commercial partnerships
Isolationism that limits exposure to modern technologies
Competition among workers for too few jobs and low wages

Corruption and inefficient governance leading to unequal distribution of resources

Historical colonization and exploitation by foreign powers
Inadequate access to education and healthcare
Widespread environmental degradation and natural disasters
Ethnic and religious conflicts leading to social divisions and economic disparities.