The temperature readings on Sensor 4 and Sensor 5 may vary even though they are at the same latitude due to factors such as altitude, proximity to bodies of water, urbanization, and microclimates. Altitude can affect temperature readings as higher elevations typically experience cooler temperatures than lower elevations. Additionally, bodies of water, such as lakes or oceans, can have a moderating effect on nearby temperatures. Urban areas can also experience higher temperatures due to the "urban heat island effect" caused by buildings and pavement retaining heat. Microclimates, which are small-scale variations in temperature or weather conditions, can also result in differing temperatures at the same latitude.
