If 12.5 g of copper are reacted with an excess of chlorine gas, then 25.4 g of copper(I) chloride, CuCh (s), are obtained.
Calculate the theoretical yield and the percent yield.
To calculate the theoretical yield, we first need to determine the molar mass of CuCl.
1. Find the molar mass of copper (Cu):
- Cu: 63.55 g/mol
2. Find the molar mass of chlorine (Cl):
- Cl: 35.45 g/mol
3. Add the molar masses of Cu and Cl to find the molar mass of CuCl:
- CuCl: 63.55 + 35.45 = 99.00 g/mol
4. Calculate the moles of Cu used:
- Moles of Cu = 12.5 g / 63.55 g/mol = 0.197 mol
5. Use the mole ratio between Cu and CuCl from the balanced chemical equation to find the theoretical yield of CuCl:
- Cu + Cl2 -> CuCl
- 1 mol Cu : 1 mol CuCl
- Theoretical yield of CuCl = 0.197 mol Cu * 1 mol CuCl / 1 mol Cu = 0.197 mol
6. Calculate the theoretical yield of CuCl in grams:
- Theoretical yield of CuCl = 0.197 mol * 99.00 g/mol = 19.50 g
To calculate the percent yield, we use the actual yield of CuCl obtained (25.4 g) and the theoretical yield calculated (19.50 g).
7. Calculate the percent yield:
- Percent yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) * 100%
- Percent yield = (25.4 g / 19.50 g) * 100% = 130.26%
Therefore, the theoretical yield of CuCl is 19.50 g and the percent yield is 130.26%.