6. Cyanide is a poison that works by inhibiting cytochrome c oxidase, which is a protein that uses oxygen to increase the concentration of hydrogen ions across the mitochondrial membrane. Using what you know from this unit, explain why consuming cyanide is lethal.
Consuming cyanide is lethal because it prevents cytochrome c oxidase from carrying out its normal function of transporting electrons in the electron transport chain within the mitochondria. This disrupts the process of cellular respiration, specifically oxidative phosphorylation, which is essential for producing ATP, the body's main source of energy. Without ATP production, cells are unable to function properly and can ultimately die. Additionally, the inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase leads to a buildup of hydrogen ions in the mitochondrial membrane, disrupting the proton gradient needed for ATP synthesis. This disruption of normal cellular function ultimately results in tissue damage and organ failure, ultimately leading to death.
