Consider the poetic techniques of “Oh Captain! My Captain!” List at least three techniques, including the rhyme or rhythm of the poem and explain how they express the message and theme of the poem.
1. Rhyme and Rhythm: The poem is written in a rhyming and rhythmic format, with a consistent ABAB rhyme scheme and regular meter. This structure creates a sense of order and stability, reflecting the speaker's deep respect and admiration for the captain. The steady rhythm mimics the beats of a march, emphasizing the military theme of the poem.
2. Metaphor: The captain is used as a metaphor for Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through the Civil War and was ultimately assassinated. The repeated invocation of "Oh Captain! My Captain!" throughout the poem reinforces the sense of loss and mourning felt by the speaker and the nation as a whole. This metaphorical device adds emotional depth to the poem and emphasizes the significance of the captain's leadership.
3. Symbolism: The ship and journey imagery in the poem symbolize the nation's journey through the Civil War and the challenges faced along the way. The "fearful trip" reflects the dangers and uncertainties of war, while the "victor" setting sail represents the nation's eventual victory and progress. The use of symbolism adds layers of meaning to the poem, highlighting the larger historical context and themes of sacrifice, courage, and triumph.