List three factors that affect groundwater.
1. The geology and composition of the underlying soil and rock formations can affect the movement and storage of groundwater. Porous and permeable materials, such as sandstone and limestone, allow water to flow more easily than impermeable materials like clay and shale.
2. Human activities, such as groundwater pumping for irrigation, industrial use, or drinking water supply, can deplete groundwater reserves and affect the overall groundwater flow patterns. Pollution from agricultural runoff, industrial contaminants, and leaking underground storage tanks can also contaminate groundwater.
3. Climate and weather patterns, including precipitation, temperature, and evaporation rates, can impact the recharge and discharge of groundwater. Drought conditions can lead to decreased groundwater levels, while heavy rainfall can increase recharge rates but also increase the risk of groundwater contamination from surface water runoff.