The principle of separation of powers limits Congress by dividing governmental powers between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. This means that Congress cannot have unlimited authority and must share power with the other branches. This system of checks and balances prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful and abusing its authority. Congress cannot enforce the laws they make, as this is the responsibility of the executive branch. Additionally, Congress must rely on the executive branch to introduce legislation, as the President has the power to veto bills passed by Congress. Congress also must interpret legislation for the courts, but ultimately, the judiciary has the authority to interpret and apply the law. Lastly, Congress must share its power with individual state governments, as outlined in the Constitution. This ensures that states have autonomy and are not completely controlled by the federal government.
