What is the definition of surrealism? Explain why the paintings by Max Ernst and Paul Nash are examples of surrealism.
Surrealism is an artistic movement that emerged in the early 20th century, primarily in Europe, characterized by dreamlike imagery, irrational juxtapositions, and a strong emphasis on the unconscious mind. Surrealist artists sought to challenge conventional notions of reality and logic, often creating works that were strange, fantastical, and uncanny.
The paintings by Max Ernst and Paul Nash are examples of surrealism because they both incorporate elements of dreamlike imagery and irrational juxtapositions that are characteristic of the movement. Max Ernst's "The Elephant Celebes," for example, features a bizarre, hybrid creature that defies traditional concepts of form and representation. Similarly, Paul Nash's "The Family Tree" depicts a surreal landscape with twisted trees and distorted figures, creating a sense of unreality and disorientation.
Overall, both artists use their paintings to explore the workings of the unconscious mind and challenge the viewer's perceptions of reality, making them prime examples of surrealism.