1. What did sailors learn in Prince Henry’s school in Portugal?
2. What led Europeans to explore the Atlantic between 1450 and 1750?
3. Why do you think Columbus assumed he had sailed to Asia?
4. Who were the conquistadors?
5. How was Cortés’s conquest of the Aztec similar to Pizarro’s conquest of the Inca?
6. What weapons and equipment does the eyewitness describe in the excerpt?
7. Why were the native populations of the Americas vulnerable to diseases like smallpox?
8. Why was Sabeti excited to discover a trait that helped some people cope with and
resist malaria?
9. How does fieldwork help Sabeti further understand the infectious diseases she
analyzes?
10. What led to the Columbian Exchange?
11. In what way did the Columbian Exchange encourage slavery?
12. Why did Portugal want to find a direct sea route to India?
13. By 1700, which European power had taken control of the East Indies from the
Portuguese?
14. How did Portuguese merchants and European buyers benefit as a result of
Portugal’s domination of Indian Ocean trade?
15. Why were the Dutch in a good position to compete with the Portuguese in the Indian
Ocean?
16. In what way was the Dutch East India Company similar to an independent
country?
17. What was one effect of the Dutch East India Company’s search for the Northwest
Passage?
1. Sailors in Prince Henry's school in Portugal learned navigation techniques, mapmaking, and shipbuilding skills.
2. Europeans were led to explore the Atlantic between 1450 and 1750 due to a desire to find new trade routes to Asia, spread Christianity, and acquire wealth and power.
3. Columbus assumed he had sailed to Asia because he believed the Earth was smaller than it actually is, leading him to miscalculate the distance to Asia.
4. Conquistadors were Spanish conquistadors who were responsible for the conquest and colonization of much of the Americas in the 16th and 17th centuries.
5. Cortés's conquest of the Aztec and Pizarro's conquest of the Inca were similar in that they both involved the use of advanced weapons, alliances with rival indigenous groups, and the spread of disease among the native populations.
6. The eyewitness describes weapons and equipment such as guns, cannons, horses, armor, and swords.
7. The native populations of the Americas were vulnerable to diseases like smallpox because they had not been exposed to these diseases before and therefore had no immunity to them.
8. Sabeti was excited to discover a trait that helped some people cope with and resist malaria because it could potentially lead to the development of new treatments or preventive measures for the disease.
9. Fieldwork helps Sabeti further understand the infectious diseases she analyzes by allowing her to study how diseases spread and evolve in real-world conditions.
10. The Columbian Exchange was led by the global transfer of goods, plants, animals, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds following Christopher Columbus's voyages.
11. The Columbian Exchange encouraged slavery as the demand for labor increased due to the expansion of European colonies in the Americas.
12. Portugal wanted to find a direct sea route to India to establish direct trade with the lucrative Asian markets and bypass the costly and dangerous overland trade routes.
13. By 1700, the Dutch had taken control of the East Indies from the Portuguese.
14. Portuguese merchants and European buyers benefited as a result of Portugal's domination of Indian Ocean trade by gaining access to the valuable spices, textiles, and other goods of the region.
15. The Dutch were in a good position to compete with the Portuguese in the Indian Ocean due to their powerful navy, expertise in trade, and strategic locations for establishing trading posts.
16. The Dutch East India Company was similar to an independent country in that it had its own army, government, and control over territories, trade, and colonies.
17. One effect of the Dutch East India Company's search for the Northwest Passage was the exploration and mapping of new territories that contributed to the understanding of global geography.