Henry VIII came into conflict with the pope primarily because of his desire to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon. When Catherine was unable to provide him with a male heir, Henry sought to marry Anne Boleyn instead. The pope, however, refused to grant the annulment, as it went against the teachings of the Catholic Church. This led to Henry's decision to break away from the Roman Catholic Church and establish the Church of England, with himself as the supreme head. This ultimately led to the English Reformation and the dissolution of monasteries in England.
