Explain Tb peritonitis , its clinical manifestations, signs and its complications
Tuberculosis (TB) peritonitis is a rare form of extrapulmonary TB that occurs when the infectious bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects the peritoneum, which is the lining of the abdominal cavity. TB peritonitis is more common in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or those receiving immunosuppressive medications.
Clinical manifestations of TB peritonitis can vary but commonly include abdominal pain, fever, weight loss, night sweats, and fatigue. Patients may also experience nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. In more severe cases, patients may develop abdominal swelling, known as ascites.
Physical signs of TB peritonitis may include abdominal tenderness, distension, and fluid waves on examination. A healthcare provider may also detect a palpable mass or signs of peritoneal inflammation.
Complications of TB peritonitis can be severe and may include bowel obstruction, perforation of the bowel or abdominal wall, and septic shock. Without prompt diagnosis and treatment, TB peritonitis can be life-threatening.
Treatment for TB peritonitis typically involves a combination of antibiotics to target the bacteria causing the infection. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to drain fluid or repair damage to the abdominal cavity. Prognosis for patients with TB peritonitis depends on factors such as the extent of the infection, the presence of underlying medical conditions, and the timeliness of treatment.