• In three to five sentences, explain why animal cells do not require a cell wall or a central vacuole for their functions.

Animal cells do not require a cell wall because they are primarily surrounded by a flexible plasma membrane that allows for movement and communication with other cells. Additionally, animal cells do not need a central vacuole because they do not rely on it for storing nutrients, waste products, or maintaining turgor pressure. Instead, animal cells have smaller vacuoles scattered throughout the cytoplasm that serve various functions such as storage of molecules or assisting in cellular processes. Overall, animal cells have evolved to rely on different structures and mechanisms to perform their necessary functions without the need for a cell wall or central vacuole.