Describe the split in the Muslim community caused by Muhammad’s death.
(4 points)
1. The split in the Muslim community after Muhammad's death primarily revolved around the issue of succession. While Shia Muslims believed that Muhammad explicitly designated Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor, Sunni Muslims believed in the principle of shura or consultation in selecting a new leader.
2. This split led to the First Fitna, a civil war that lasted from 656 to 661 CE, as both factions fought for control over the leadership of the Muslim community.
3. The battle of the Camel and the battle of Siffin were two major conflicts that arose as a result of the split in the Muslim community. These wars further deepened the divide between the Shia and Sunni factions.
4. The split also led to the establishment of two distinct sects within Islam - Sunni and Shia - each with their own beliefs, practices, and interpretations of Islamic teachings. This division continues to influence the Muslim world today, with ongoing tensions and conflicts between Sunni and Shia Muslim communities.