The standard heat of vaporization, AH vap of SO, is + 24.3 kJ/mol and that of F,is +5.9 k//mol.
a. Identify the types) of intermolecular forces) that exist in pure samples of each compound.
b. Explain why their standard heat of vaporization, AHovap values differ.
a. In pure samples of SO_2, the intermolecular forces that exist are primarily dipole-dipole interactions and London dispersion forces. This is because SO_2 is a polar molecule with a net dipole moment due to the difference in electronegativity between sulfur and oxygen atoms.
In pure samples of F_2, the intermolecular forces that exist are mainly London dispersion forces. This is because F_2 is a nonpolar molecule with no permanent dipole moment, but it does have temporary induced dipoles due to the movement of electrons.
b. The difference in the standard heat of vaporization (AHovap) values between SO_2 and F_2 can be attributed to the strength of the intermolecular forces present in each compound. SO_2 has stronger intermolecular forces (dipole-dipole interactions and London dispersion forces) compared to F_2, which only has London dispersion forces.
Stronger intermolecular forces in SO_2 require more energy to break these forces and convert the liquid into the gas phase, resulting in a higher AHovap value. On the other hand, weaker intermolecular forces in F_2 require less energy to overcome them, leading to a lower AHovap value.