Explain variable interval with elaborated examples
Variable interval is a type of reinforcement schedule in operant conditioning where a behavior is reinforced after an unpredictable amount of time has passed. This means that the time interval between reinforcements can vary.
For example, let's consider a scenario where a teacher uses variable interval reinforcement to encourage students to participate in class discussions. The teacher may praise a student for asking a thoughtful question after 5 minutes, then after 10 minutes for another student, and then after 3 minutes for another student. The variability in the time intervals makes it difficult for the students to predict when they will be reinforced, which can help maintain their participation in class discussions.
Another example of variable interval reinforcement is seen in gambling. Slot machines use variable interval schedules to reinforce gamblers for playing continuously. The payouts are unpredictable and can occur after different amounts of time, keeping players engaged and motivated to keep playing.
In both examples, the variable interval schedule of reinforcement is effective in maintaining and shaping behaviors because of the unpredictable nature of the reinforcement. This type of reinforcement can be powerful in producing consistent and long-lasting behavior change.