Define and simplify negative reinforcement concept with clear examplse
Negative reinforcement is a conditioning process where a behavior is strengthened by the removal or avoidance of an unpleasant stimulus. In other words, negative reinforcement involves the removal of something unpleasant in order to increase the likelihood of a specific behavior occurring again.
Examples of negative reinforcement include:
1. A student repeatedly forgets to complete their homework, so their teacher allows them to listen to music during class if they finish their assignments on time. The removal of the unpleasant consequence of not listening to music serves as a negative reinforcement for completing their homework.
2. A dog is trained to stop barking when its owner says "quiet" by receiving a treat. The removal of the unpleasant sound of the dog barking is a negative reinforcement for obeying the command to be quiet.
3. A person takes a pain reliever to alleviate a headache. The relief of pain serves as a negative reinforcement to continue taking the pain reliever in similar situations.