how did the progressive movment that took place throughout the U.S. in the early 1900s influence Galveston's residents to select a new type of city goverment
The progressive movement that swept through the United States in the early 1900s had a significant influence on the residents of Galveston, Texas, leading them to choose a new type of city government. The following factors played a crucial role in this transformation:
1. Galveston Hurricane of 1900: In September 1900, Galveston was devastated by one of the deadliest hurricanes in U.S. history, resulting in the loss of thousands of lives and immense destruction. This disaster prompted Galvestonians to rethink their city's governance and seek a more efficient and responsive government that could better respond to emergencies.
2. Desire for Reform: The progressive movement, characterized by a push for social and political reform, swept across the nation, inspiring citizens to demand changes in various aspects of society. Progressive ideas, such as government accountability, efficiency, and direct involvement of citizens in decision-making, resonated with residents who sought to overcome the challenges they faced in Galveston.
3. Commission Model of Government: As part of the progressive wave, a new model of city government, known as the "commission form of government," gained popularity. This model aimed to replace corrupt and inefficient political machines with a smaller commission of elected officials who would collectively govern the city. This system promised greater transparency, accountability, and expertise in decision-making.
4. U.S. Secretary of War visits Galveston: Amidst the wreckage left by the hurricane, Galveston attracted greater attention when the U.S. Secretary of War, Elihu Root, visited the city to assess the damage and recovery efforts. Root was impressed by the reconstruction initiatives already undertaken by the city and advocated for the adoption of the commission form of government to aid in the rebuilding process.
5. Selection of a New Government: Galvestonians, influenced by the progressive movement and various reform-minded individuals, voted to adopt the commission form of government in 1901. A five-member commission was established, with each member responsible for a specific area of administration. This new government structure allowed for more efficient decision-making and responsiveness to the needs of the city's residents.
Overall, the combination of the devastation caused by the Galveston Hurricane, the desire for reform, the widespread influence of the progressive movement, support from influential individuals like Elihu Root, and the appeal of the commission form of government, all worked together to influence Galveston's residents to select a new type of city government in the early 1900s.