How was the south Carolina constitution of 1868 different from previous state constitutions?
The South Carolina Constitution of 1868 was significantly different from previous state constitutions in several key ways:
1. Universal Male Suffrage: The 1868 constitution expanded suffrage rights to all male citizens, regardless of race or property ownership. This was a radical departure from previous constitutions that had limited voting rights to white male property owners.
2. Equal Protection: The constitution introduced the concept of equal protection under the law, guaranteeing all citizens equal treatment regardless of race. This was a response to the abolition of slavery and the need to ensure civil rights for African Americans.
3. Public Education: The 1868 constitution mandated the establishment of a public school system for all children, regardless of race. This marked a significant change from previous constitutions that provided limited or no public education.
4. Representation: The 1868 constitution restructured the state's legislative districts, ensuring more equitable representation for all citizens. This was aimed at giving African American citizens a voice in the government and reducing the influence of the plantation elite.
5. Civil Rights: The constitution included several provisions protecting civil rights, such as the right to a fair trial, freedom of speech and press, and the prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment. These rights were extended to all citizens without discrimination.
Overall, the 1868 constitution aimed to establish a more inclusive and egalitarian society in South Carolina by granting equal rights and opportunities to all citizens, regardless of race. It was a response to the abolition of slavery and the need to rebuild the state after the Civil War.