Q5. Explain why regulation around the use of stem cells has been put in place based on the ethical use of these cells.
Regulation around the use of stem cells has been put in place based on the ethical use of these cells primarily because of the moral considerations raised by their potential sources and applications.
One of the key ethical concerns is related to the destruction of human embryos. Embryonic stem cells, which possess the highest differentiation potential, are derived from human embryos created through in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures. The extraction of stem cells from these embryos typically leads to the destruction of the embryo itself. This raises ethical concerns as some individuals consider embryos to possess moral status and argue that destroying them for research purposes is morally wrong.
Another important ethical consideration is ensuring informed consent and respecting the rights of donors. Researchers must obtain proper informed consent from donors who willingly decide to donate their embryos, tissues, or cells for research. This consent must be obtained without coercion or manipulation, and donors should be fully informed about the potential risks and benefits associated with the use of their cells. Additionally, issues related to privacy, confidentiality, and the protection of genetic information also need to be addressed to ensure the rights of the donors and individuals from whom the stem cells are derived.
Moreover, there are concerns related to the potential commodification and commercialization of human body parts and tissues. Stem cells have significant commercial value due to their potential therapeutic uses, making it crucial to establish regulations that prevent the exploitation of vulnerable individuals or the creation of profit-driven markets that exploit stem cells.
Furthermore, there is a need to prevent the misuse of stem cells, such as their unproven and unregulated use in unproven treatments or therapies, which can put patients at risk. Regulators seek to ensure that stem cell therapies and treatments are rigorously tested, safe, and effective before being made available to the public.
In summary, regulation around the use of stem cells has been put in place based on these ethical considerations to ensure proper respect for human dignity, informed consent, protection of privacy, prevention of exploitation, and the safe and responsible use of stem cells for therapeutic purposes.