As biotechnology has improved, scientists are able to look more closely at DNA, the molecules that hold genetic instructions for development, reproduction, and functioning. The ability to study DNA closely allows scientists to find evidence of genetic mutation and better understand the effects of these changes. Think about how genetic mutations can be harmful, beneficial, or cause no change at all.
(3 points)
Beneficial Effect Neutral Effect Harmful Effect
A mutation occurs in a portion of DNA and does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein.
Beneficial Effect – A mutation occurs in a portion of DNA and does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein.
Neutral Effect – A mutation occurs in a portion of DNA and does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein.
Harmful Effect – A mutation occurs in a portion of DNA and does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein.
A mutation in the hemoglobin gene results in Sickle Cell Anemia.
Beneficial Effect – A mutation in the hemoglobin gene results in Sickle Cell Anemia.
Neutral Effect – A mutation in the hemoglobin gene results in Sickle Cell Anemia.
Harmful Effect – A mutation in the hemoglobin gene results in Sickle Cell Anemia.
A mutation of a protein results in protection against a destructive bacteria.
Beneficial Effect – A mutation of a protein results in protection against a destructive bacteria.
Neutral Effect – A mutation of a protein results in protection against a destructive bacteria.
Harmful Effect – A mutation of a protein results in protection against a destructive bacteria.
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In this scenario, the beneficial effect occurs when the mutation of the protein provides protection against a destructive bacteria. This mutation enhances the organism's ability to defend itself against the harmful effects of the bacteria.
The neutral effect occurs when a mutation occurs in a portion of DNA but does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein. This means that the mutation has no impact on the functioning or development of the organism. It neither benefits nor harms the organism.
The harmful effect occurs when a mutation in the hemoglobin gene results in Sickle Cell Anemia. This genetic mutation causes the red blood cells to become misshapen and leads to various health problems, such as anemia, pain, and organ damage. This mutation is detrimental to the organism's health and functioning.