Notes on macular degeneration
- Macular degeneration, also known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is a chronic eye disease that primarily affects older individuals.
- The macula, located in the center of the retina, is responsible for central vision and allows us to see fine details.
- There are two types of macular degeneration: dry AMD and wet AMD.
- Dry AMD is the more common type and occurs when the macula thins over time due to aging and the accumulation of drusen, which are yellow deposits under the retina.
- Wet AMD is less common but more severe, and it occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow under the macula, leaking blood and fluid and causing damage.
- The exact cause of macular degeneration is unknown, but risk factors include age, genetics, smoking, obesity, and high blood pressure.
- Symptoms of macular degeneration include blurred or distorted central vision, a dark or empty area in the center of vision, and difficulties with tasks that require detailed vision, such as reading or driving.
- There is currently no cure for macular degeneration, but there are treatment options available to slow down the progression and manage the symptoms.
- Treatment for wet AMD often involves injections of anti-VEGF drugs that help block the growth of abnormal blood vessels.
- Lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, eating a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables, exercising regularly, and protecting the eyes from harmful UV rays can help reduce the risk and progression of macular degeneration.
- Regular eye exams and early detection are crucial for managing macular degeneration as early intervention can help preserve vision and prevent further damage.