Jumping worms affect populations in forest ecosystems by directly competing with native(
species for resources and habitats. They outcompete native earthworms for leaf litter and organic matter, causing a decline in the population of native earthworms. This disruption in the decomposer community can have cascading effects on other species that depend on earthworms for food, such as certain bird species.
Jumping worms also alter soil structure and composition, leading to changes in soil fertility. They consume large amounts of organic matter, resulting in a decrease in soil organic carbon and nutrient availability. This can impact the growth and survival of forest plants, particularly those that rely on nutrient cycling facilitated by native earthworms.
Additionally, jumping worms alter the structure of forest soils by creating loose, granular castings that can reduce soil stability and increase erosion risk. This can lead to changes in the physical properties of the soil, affecting water infiltration and drainage, which in turn can influence the composition and distribution of plant species in the ecosystem.
Overall, the presence of jumping worms in forest ecosystems can disrupt soil processes, nutrient cycling, and food webs, ultimately affecting the overall biodiversity and functioning of the ecosystem.