An object falls to the air, gaining speed as it falls as student claims that this creates new energy and so it breaks the law of conversation of energy which statement describes why the student is correct
The student is incorrect in their statement. The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be converted from one form to another or transferred between objects. In the case of the falling object, the potential energy (due to its position) is converted into kinetic energy (due to its motion) as it falls. Therefore, there is no creation of new energy; it is just a conversion of one form of energy to another.
m g h (potential) + (1/2) m v^2 (kinetic) = constant
The equation you have written is known as the conservation of mechanical energy for a falling object. It states that the sum of the potential energy (mgh) and the kinetic energy (1/2mv^2) of the object remains constant as long as no external forces act upon it.
However, this equation demonstrates that energy is conserved and does not contradict the Law of Conservation of Energy. The object gains kinetic energy as it falls, but it loses an equal amount of potential energy. The total energy (potential plus kinetic) remains the same throughout the fall.
So, while the object gains speed as it falls, there is no creation of new energy. The energy is merely being converted from potential to kinetic energy, satisfying the principle of energy conservation.