How were the czars of Russia, both Peter the Great and Catherine the Great, able to maintain absolutist rule while also facing an Age of Enlightenment philosophy?
They selectively adopted Enlightenment ideas that supported their rule while suppressing others.
They selectively adopted Enlightenment ideas that supported their rule while suppressing others.
They relinquished their power and established democratic governments in response to Enlightenment pressures.
They relinquished their power and established democratic governments in response to Enlightenment pressures.
The czars were not true absolutists and had no real power during the Enlightenment.
The czars were not true absolutists and had no real power during the Enlightenment.
They completely isolated Russia from the rest of Europe to prevent the spread of Enlightenment ideas.