How does sunscreen work?

Sunscreen works by reducing the amount of ultraviolet (UV) radiation that reaches the skin. It contains special ingredients that either physically block or chemically absorb the UV rays.

Physical blockers, such as zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, form a protective barrier on the skin that reflects and scatters the UV rays. These ingredients create a white film on the skin's surface.

Chemical absorbers, like avobenzone or oxybenzone, penetrate the skin and absorb the UV rays, converting them into a less harmful form of energy or heat. These ingredients are often clear or transparent on the skin.

When applied properly, sunscreen forms a protective layer over the skin, shielding it from both UVA and UVB rays. UVA rays cause premature aging, wrinkles, and some skin cancers, while UVB rays cause sunburns and contribute to the development of skin cancers.

It is important to choose a sunscreen with a broad-spectrum protection that shields against both UVA and UVB rays. Additionally, the sun protection factor (SPF) indicates how long the sunscreen can protect the skin from UVB rays. For example, SPF 30 means it would take 30 times longer for the skin to burn compared to not wearing any sunscreen.