Explain the gastrostomy procedure of the gastro intestinal system
The gastrostomy procedure is a surgical procedure that creates an opening in the stomach, known as a stoma, in order to provide an alternative route for feeding or administering medications directly into the gastrointestinal system.
The procedure begins with administering anesthesia to the patient to ensure they are comfortable and do not feel pain during the surgery. Once the anesthesia takes effect, the surgeon makes a small incision on the abdomen, usually on the left side, just below the rib cage.
Next, the surgeon identifies the stomach and lifts it to the surface of the skin. A small portion of the stomach is then brought out through the incision and sutured to the abdominal wall, creating the stoma. The stoma is typically secured with stitches or a fixation device to keep it in place.
Once the stoma is created, a feeding tube, also known as a gastrostomy tube or G-tube, is inserted into the opening and guided into the stomach. The tube may be made of silicone or another flexible material to minimize discomfort and allow for easy cleaning. The tube is usually held in place by a disc or balloon on the inside of the stomach.
After the tube is securely in place, the incision is closed with sutures or surgical staples. A sterile dressing or a specialized device called a stoma button may be placed around the stoma to protect it and provide additional support.
Following the surgery, the patient may require a period of recovery under medical supervision. The healthcare team will provide instructions on how to care for the gastrostomy tube, including cleaning and maintaining proper hygiene. They will also provide guidance on feeding and administering medications through the tube.
Overall, the gastrostomy procedure provides a way to bypass the oral route and directly access the stomach for feeding or medication delivery, particularly for patients who are unable to eat or swallow normally due to medical conditions, such as neurological disorders, esophageal cancer, or gastrointestinal obstructions.