which endocrine gland secrets the hormone, that by under-orover-secretion causes the disorder
There are several endocrine glands that secrete hormones, and each hormone is associated with specific disorders when there is under- or over-secretion. Some examples include:
1. Pituitary gland: This gland secretes hormones that control various functions in the body. For example, under-secretion of growth hormone can lead to growth hormone deficiency, while over-secretion can cause excessive growth (gigantism or acromegaly).
2. Thyroid gland: The thyroid gland secretes hormones that regulate metabolism. Under-secretion of thyroid hormones can lead to hypothyroidism, while over-secretion can cause hyperthyroidism.
3. Adrenal glands: These glands produce hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline. Under-secretion of cortisol can lead to adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease), while over-secretion can cause Cushing's syndrome.
4. Pancreas: The pancreas secretes insulin, which regulates blood sugar levels. Under-secretion of insulin can lead to diabetes mellitus type 1, while over-secretion can cause hypoglycemia.
These are just a few examples, and there are many more endocrine glands and associated hormones that can cause disorders when their secretion is imbalanced.