Causes of HIV/AIDS
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is primarily transmitted through specific bodily fluids that include blood, semen, l fluids, and breast milk. The most common causes of HIV/AIDS can be attributed to the following factors:
1. Sexual Transmission: Unprotected sexual intercourse, including l, , or oral sex with an HIV-infected individual, is the most common mode of HIV transmission. Engaging in sexual activities without the use of barrier methods like condoms increases the risk of contracting the virus.
2. Sharing Needles or Syringes: HIV can be transmitted through the sharing of contaminated needles and syringes, particularly among people who inject drugs. Sharing of equipment for injecting drugs, such as needles, syringes, cookers, cotton, and water, can lead to the transfer of blood containing the virus.
3. Mother-to-Child Transmission: HIV can be passed from an HIV-positive mother to her child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. Without antiretroviral therapy, the risk of transmitting the virus to the baby is significantly higher.
4. Blood Transfusion and Organ Transplantation: Although rare in countries with rigorous screening measures, HIV transmission can occur through blood transfusions, organ transplantation, and other medical procedures involving the transfer of blood or body fluids.
5. Occupational Exposure: Healthcare workers and individuals in other professions that involve potential exposure to blood or body fluids are at risk of acquiring HIV if they come into contact with infected blood or bodily fluids without proper precautions like personal protective equipment and standard infection control practices.
6. Lack of HIV Education and Awareness: Insufficient knowledge about HIV transmission and prevention can contribute to the spread of the virus. Inadequate access to accurate information, stigma, discrimination, and cultural or societal barriers may hinder people from adopting safe practices or seeking appropriate HIV testing and treatment.
It is crucial to note that HIV is not transmitted through casual contact, such as hugging, shaking hands, sharing utensils, or using the same restroom. The virus is primarily transmitted through specific activities involving the exchange of infected bodily fluids.