Why were Moorish rulers initially somewhat tolerant of Christians and Jews in Spain
There are several reasons why Moorish rulers in Spain were initially somewhat tolerant of Christians and Jews:
1. Islamic teachings: Islamic doctrine allows for the coexistence of different religious communities under Muslim rule, particularly with the "People of the Book" (Christians and Jews), who share a common religious ancestry with Islam. The Quran mentions the importance of religious tolerance and protecting the rights of non-Muslims.
2. Economic and intellectual benefits: Christians and Jews played significant roles in various sectors of society, including trade, finance, administration, and scholarship. Moorish rulers recognized the economic and intellectual contributions made by these communities, and their tolerance allowed for the growth and prosperity of the region.
3. Political stability: The Moors ruled over a diverse population, which included Christians and Jews. By encouraging a certain level of tolerance and respect for religious diversity, they sought to ensure political stability and avoid unrest or rebellion from these communities.
4. Dhimmi status: Christians and Jews living under Muslim rule were considered dhimmis, which granted them a protected, though subordinate, status. While they were required to pay a tax called jizya and adhere to certain restrictions, the dhimmi system offered legal protection and religious autonomy to these communities.
5. Previous Christian tolerance: Prior to the Moorish conquest, Visigothic Spain had witnessed religious persecution against non-Christians, particularly Jews. The Moorish rulers, in contrast, offered a more inclusive and tolerant environment, which was perceived as a relief by the religious minorities.
It is important to note that while some level of tolerance was initially observed, it varied over time and across different Moorish rulers and regions in Spain. The level of tolerance could fluctuate depending on political, economic, and societal circumstances.