• What is a chloroplast? Explain how a root of a plant, that lacks Chloroplasts, gets energy. What organelles are involved with converting the energy for the roots?
• Explain why animal cells do not require a cell wall and a central vacuole. Please read Unit 2, Lesson 3, Page 9 to answer this question correctly. 5 simple sentences
A chloroplast is an organelle found in plant cells that is responsible for photosynthesis. It contains chlorophyll, a pigment that captures sunlight and converts it into chemical energy in the form of glucose.
Roots of plants do not have chloroplasts and cannot carry out photosynthesis. Instead, they obtain energy from the glucose produced in the leaves through a process called respiration. The glucose is transported to the roots through vascular tissues like xylem and phloem.
The organelles involved in converting the energy for the roots are mitochondria. Mitochondria are responsible for generating ATP, the energy currency of cells, through cellular respiration. They break down the glucose obtained from the leaves and produce ATP, which the roots use to carry out their various functions.
Animal cells do not require a cell wall because they have a flexible plasma membrane that provides support and protection. Animal cells also do not require a central vacuole because they have many smaller vacuoles that perform similar functions, such as storing waste or maintaining osmotic balance. The absence of these organelles does not hinder the functioning or survival of animal cells.