Vehicle 3 Mass = 2,000 kg Velocity = 15 m/s Calculate the amount of force that would act on Vehicle 3 if it crashes into a wall and it takes half a second for Vehicle 3 to come to a stop upon collision. a. Step 1: Calculate the acceleration of the vehicle as its velocity changes from 15 to 0 m/s in 0.01 seconds. b. Step 2: Apply Newton’s Second Law of Motion to determine the force exerted by the vehicle on the wall during the crash. c. Step 3: Apply Newton’s Third Law of Motion to determine the force exerted by the wall on the vehicle.
a. To calculate the acceleration, we can use the equation:
acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time
Here, the final velocity is 0 m/s, the initial velocity is 15 m/s, and the time is 0.01 seconds.
acceleration = (0 - 15) / 0.01 = -1500 m/s^2
(Note: the negative sign indicates that the acceleration is in the opposite direction to the initial velocity.)
b. Newton's Second Law of Motion states that the force acting on an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by the acceleration it experiences. Therefore, the force exerted by the vehicle on the wall during the crash can be calculated using the equation:
force = mass * acceleration
Here, the mass of the vehicle is 2,000 kg and the acceleration is -1500 m/s^2.
force = 2,000 kg * -1500 m/s^2 = -3,000,000 N
(Note: the negative sign indicates that the force is in the opposite direction to the vehicle's motion.)
c. According to Newton's Third Law of Motion, whenever an object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first object. Therefore, the force exerted by the wall on the vehicle is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the force exerted by the vehicle on the wall. So, the force exerted by the wall on the vehicle is also 3,000,000 N, but in the opposite direction.