Calculate the amount of force that would act on Vehicle 2 if it crashes into a wall and it takes half a second for Vehicle 2 to come to a stop upon collision. a. Step 1: Calculate the acceleration of the vehicle as its velocity changes from 20 to 0 m/s in 0.01 seconds. b. Step 2: Apply Newton’s Second Law of Motion to determine the force exerted by the vehicle on the wall during the crash. c. Step 3: Apply Newton’s Third Law of Motion to determine the force exerted by the wall on the vehicle.
a. To calculate the acceleration of the vehicle, we can use the formula:
acceleration = (change in velocity) / (change in time)
Given:
Initial velocity (u) = 20 m/s
Final velocity (v) = 0 m/s
Change in time (Δt) = 0.01 s
Using the formula:
acceleration = (0 - 20) / 0.01
acceleration = -2000 m/s^2
Note that the negative sign indicates that the acceleration is in the opposite direction of the initial motion (deceleration).
b. Newton's second law of motion states that the force exerted on an object is equal to the product of its mass and acceleration. Mathematically, it can be written as:
force = mass * acceleration
Since we do not have the mass of Vehicle 2, we cannot directly calculate the force exerted by the vehicle on the wall.
c. Newton's third law of motion states that for every action force, there is an equal and opposite reaction force. Therefore, the force exerted by the wall on the vehicle will be equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the force exerted by the vehicle on the wall.