How HIV AIDS transmit from mother to her child after before and during birth?
HIV can be transmitted from a mother to her child during three key periods: before birth, during birth, and after birth through breastfeeding.
1. Before Birth: HIV can be transmitted from an HIV-positive mother to her fetus during pregnancy through the placenta. This transmission can occur if the virus in the mother's blood crosses the placenta and infects the fetus.
2. During Birth: The risk of transmission is higher during labor and delivery. This can happen if the baby comes into contact with the mother's blood or l fluids that contain the virus during the birth process.
3. After Birth: HIV can also be transmitted through breastfeeding. If an HIV-positive mother breastfeeds her baby, the virus in her breast milk can pass into the baby's body and lead to infection.
However, it is important to note that the risk of mother-to-child transmission can be significantly reduced by proper medical interventions. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) given to the mother during pregnancy, labor, and breastfeeding can greatly reduce the chances of transmission. Additionally, delivering the baby by cesarean section and avoiding breastfeeding can further reduce the risk of transmission.