How did the Hundred Years’ War impact power dynamics in Europe?

France and England became allies in the coming centuries.

France and England became permanently separated.

France and England became politically tied to one another.

France and England worked together to conquer new territory.

The Hundred Years' War did not result in France and England becoming allies or politically tied to one another. Instead, it solidified their separation and led to the consolidation of nation-states. The war helped strengthen the power of the French monarchy, solidifying its control over the territories of modern-day France and establishing it as a dominant European power. In England, the war played a role in the decline of feudalism and the emergence of a stronger centralized monarchy. Therefore, the most accurate impact on power dynamics in Europe is that the Hundred Years' War resulted in France and England becoming permanently separated.