State the stages of Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
The stages of Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) are as follows:
1. Planning: This stage involves defining the project scope, objectives, and requirements. The feasibility of the project is assessed, and a preliminary budget and timeline are established.
2. Analysis: In this stage, the existing system is studied to understand its strengths and weaknesses. The requirements for the new system are identified by interviewing users and stakeholders, and analyzing current processes and data.
3. Design: This stage involves creating a detailed plan for the new system. The system architecture, database structure, user interfaces, and other technical specifications are defined. The design may also include a prototype or mockup to validate the system's functionality and user experience.
4. Development: During this stage, the system is built and implemented. The software and hardware components are developed, integrated, and tested. The database is created, and any necessary data migration is performed. User training and documentation are also part of this stage.
5. Testing: In this stage, the system is thoroughly tested to ensure its functionality, reliability, and performance. Various testing techniques like unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and user acceptance testing are conducted. Bugs and issues are identified and fixed.
6. Implementation: The new system is deployed and made available to the users. This may involve transferring data, installing hardware and software, and training the users. During implementation, any issues or concerns that arise are addressed.
7. Maintenance: This stage involves the ongoing support and maintenance of the system. Regular updates, bug fixes, and enhancements are made to ensure the system remains effective and meets changing business needs. Feedback from users is collected and used to make improvements.
8. Decommissioning: When the system becomes obsolete or is no longer needed, it is decommissioned. Data and software are properly archived or disposed of, and any necessary transitions or replacements are planned.