How do outer planets differ from inner planets?
Outer planets differ from inner planets in several ways:
1. Distance from the Sun: Outer planets, also known as gas giants, are located much farther from the Sun than inner planets. Inner planets, also called terrestrial planets, are found closer to the Sun.
2. Size and Composition: Outer planets are larger in size, typically consisting of thick atmospheres and mostly hydrogen and helium gases. Inner planets are smaller and have rocky surfaces made up of elements like iron and magnesium.
3. Number of Moons: Outer planets have a larger number of moons compared to inner planets. For example, Jupiter, the largest outer planet, has at least 79 known moons, whereas inner planets have either no moons or only a couple of them.
4. Rings: Outer planets are known for having complex ring systems composed of cosmic dust, ice particles, and rocky fragments. In contrast, inner planets lack prominent or visible ring systems.
5. Orbital Period and Rotation: Outer planets take a significantly longer time to complete one orbit around the Sun. For instance, Jupiter takes around 12 Earth years to orbit the Sun, whereas inner planets complete their orbits in much shorter periods of time. Additionally, outer planets rotate at a faster rate compared to their inner counterparts.
6. Surface Conditions: Outer planets lack solid surfaces and have dense atmospheres, making them unsuitable for human habitation. Inner planets, on the other hand, have solid surfaces with various geological features such as mountains, valleys, and impact craters.
7. Presence of Magnetic Field: Outer planets have powerful magnetic fields due to their large size and rotating metallic cores. Inner planets also have magnetic fields, but they are comparatively weaker.
Overall, outer planets and inner planets have different characteristics, compositions, and environments, mainly due to their distances from the Sun and their formation processes.