The Polar Jet Stream
You've seen how atmospheric convection currents create low- and high-pressure systems at specific latitudes. At 0° and 60° N and S low-pressure systems are common. At 30° and 90° N and S high-pressure systems are
common.
But the band of Earth's surface between 30° and 60° N and S is not determined by convection currents. Rather, this band is controlled by the atmospheric currents both north and south.
Something interesting happens at 60°. Iwo circulation systems rub against each other. Cold air from the middle band (30°-60°) meets warm air from the adjacent band (60°-90°). And this boundary creates the polar jet stream. The polar jet stream is a narrow band of strong wind in the upper atmosphere.
How does the Polar Jet Stream impact air travel from west coast to east coast
The Polar Jet Stream can have a significant impact on air travel from the west coast to the east coast.
Firstly, the jet stream is known for its fast-moving winds, which can reach speeds of over 150 mph. These high-speed winds can either assist or hinder aircraft depending on their direction of travel. When the jet stream is blowing from west to east (westward flow), airplanes traveling in the same direction can experience a significant boost in speed. This can result in shorter flight times and increased fuel efficiency, which is beneficial for airlines and passengers.
However, when the jet stream is blowing from east to west (eastward flow), it can pose challenges for airplanes traveling in the opposite direction. The headwind created by the jet stream can slow down aircraft, increase fuel consumption, and lead to longer flight durations. This can cause delays and impact flight schedules.
Pilots and airlines closely monitor the location and intensity of the jet stream to optimize flight routes and minimize its impact on air travel. By taking advantage of westward flow and avoiding eastward flow as much as possible, airlines can try to minimize the negative effects of the jet stream on flights from the west coast to the east coast.
Overall, the presence and characteristics of the Polar Jet Stream play a significant role in determining the efficiency and duration of air travel between the west coast and east coast, and airlines actively consider its effects in their flight planning and operations.