Distinguish between the lytic and lysogenic cycles of viruses.
The latest cycle involves emerging together of the viral and host genomes.
The viral genome incorporate into the host genome during the lysogenic cycle
The lysogenic cycle involves newly replicated virus bursting from the cell
The viral genome is only injected into the cell during the lytic cycle
Lytic Cycle:
1. The lytic cycle is a type of viral replication cycle that results in the destruction of the host cell.
2. In this cycle, the virus enters the host cell and takes control of its replication machinery.
3. The viral genome is replicated and transcribed to produce more viral proteins and genetic material.
4. The newly assembled viruses lyse (rupture) the host cell, releasing the progeny viruses to infect other cells.
5. The lytic cycle is characterized by rapid viral replication, leading to the death of the host cell. It is commonly associated with acute viral infections.
Lysogenic Cycle:
1. The lysogenic cycle is a type of viral replication cycle that involves the integration of the viral genome into the host cell's genome.
2. In this cycle, the virus enters the host cell and incorporates its genetic material into the host cell's DNA.
3. The integrated viral genome is called a prophage and remains dormant within the host cell's genome.
4. The host cell continues to divide and pass on the viral genome to its progeny cells during replication.
5. Under certain conditions, such as stress or environmental triggers, the prophage is activated and enters the lytic cycle, leading to the production of new viral particles and destruction of the host cell.
Overall, the lytic cycle results in the immediate destruction of the host cell, while the lysogenic cycle allows the viral genome to persist within the host cell's genome without immediate harm.